diff --git a/clams/app/__init__.py b/clams/app/__init__.py
index 454f89b..031eaab 100644
--- a/clams/app/__init__.py
+++ b/clams/app/__init__.py
@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@
 ]
 
 
+class EmptyOutputWarning(UserWarning):
+    """Raised when an app's ``_annotate()`` produces no non-empty views."""
+
+
 class ClamsApp(ABC):
     """
     An abstract class to define API's for ClamsApps. A CLAMS app should inherit
@@ -191,6 +195,15 @@ def annotate(self, mmif: Union[str, dict, Mmif], **runtime_params: List[str]) ->
         t = datetime.now()
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as ws:
             annotated, cuda_profiler = self._profile_cuda_memory(self._annotate)(mmif, **refined)
+            new_views = [v for v in annotated.views if v.id not in existing_view_ids]
+            is_empty = lambda v: len(v.annotations) == 0 and not v.has_error() and not v.has_warnings()
+            for v in new_views:
+                if is_empty(v):
+                    del annotated.views._items[v.id]  # no public API to remove a view (mmif-python)
+            if all(is_empty(v) for v in new_views):
+                warnings.warn(f'App "{self.metadata.identifier}" produced no annotations for this '
+                              f'input; the input may lack expected content, or there may genuinely '
+                              f'be nothing to annotate.', EmptyOutputWarning)
             if ws:
                 issued_warnings.extend(ws)
         if issued_warnings:
diff --git a/tests/test_clamsapp.py b/tests/test_clamsapp.py
index 412aa5d..71e4d49 100644
--- a/tests/test_clamsapp.py
+++ b/tests/test_clamsapp.py
@@ -417,6 +417,55 @@ def test_error_handling(self):
         self.assertEqual(len(last_view.metadata.contains), 0)
         self.assertEqual(len(last_view.metadata.error), 2)
 
+    def test_empty_view_becomes_warning_view(self):
+        class EmptyClamsApp(clams.app.ClamsApp):
+            def _appmetadata(self):
+                pass
+            def _annotate(self, mmif, **kwargs):
+                new_view = mmif.new_view()
+                self.sign_view(new_view, kwargs)
+                new_view.new_contain(AnnotationTypes.TimeFrame)
+                return mmif
+        out_mmif = Mmif(EmptyClamsApp().annotate(self.in_mmif))
+        self.assertEqual(len(out_mmif.views), 1)
+        view = next(iter(out_mmif.views))
+        self.assertEqual(len(view.annotations), 0)
+        self.assertTrue(any('EmptyOutputWarning' in w for w in view.metadata.warnings))
+
+    def test_partial_empty_views_are_pruned_without_warning(self):
+        class MixedClamsApp(clams.app.ClamsApp):
+            def _appmetadata(self):
+                pass
+            def _annotate(self, mmif, **kwargs):
+                populated = mmif.new_view()
+                self.sign_view(populated, kwargs)
+                populated.new_contain(AnnotationTypes.TimeFrame)
+                populated.new_annotation(AnnotationTypes.TimeFrame, start=0, end=1)
+                empty = mmif.new_view()
+                self.sign_view(empty, kwargs)
+                empty.new_contain(AnnotationTypes.TimeFrame)
+                return mmif
+        out_mmif = Mmif(MixedClamsApp().annotate(self.in_mmif))
+        self.assertEqual(len(out_mmif.views), 1)
+        view = next(iter(out_mmif.views))
+        self.assertEqual(len(view.annotations), 1)
+        self.assertFalse(view.has_warnings())
+
+    def test_self_reported_error_view_is_not_pruned(self):
+        class ErroringClamsApp(clams.app.ClamsApp):
+            def _appmetadata(self):
+                pass
+            def _annotate(self, mmif, **kwargs):
+                new_view = mmif.new_view()
+                self.sign_view(new_view, kwargs)
+                new_view.set_error('simulated failure', 'trace')
+                return mmif
+        out_mmif = Mmif(ErroringClamsApp().annotate(self.in_mmif))
+        self.assertEqual(len(out_mmif.views), 1)
+        view = next(iter(out_mmif.views))
+        self.assertTrue(view.has_error())
+        self.assertFalse(view.has_warnings())
+
     def test_gpu_mem_fields_default_zero(self):
         """GPU memory fields default to 0."""
         metadata = AppMetadata(