diff --git a/src/__tests__/unit/client-chart-labels.test.ts b/src/__tests__/unit/client-chart-labels.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19e41e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/__tests__/unit/client-chart-labels.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Oddbit (https://oddbit.id)
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// The admin client's chart x-axis labels. fmtLabel() composes a canonical
+// bucket label ("YYYY-MM-DD HH" hourly, "YYYY-MM-DD" daily and weekly,
+// "YYYY-MM" monthly) into the text the axis shows, and that composition is a
+// locale decision: which of the month and the day comes first, what separates
+// them, and whether the day or the year carries a counter.
+//
+// These tests cut the shipped function out of adminClientScript() and run it
+// with UI_LANG set, the same way the other client.ts tests do. The chunk is
+// evaluated with no t() in scope, so a version that went back to gluing
+// translated month names onto day numbers throws here rather than rendering a
+// wrong label.
+//
+// Assertions name the components that carry meaning (month, day, year) and
+// the order they appear in, not the whole string: ICU punctuation has shifted
+// between runtime versions. The server-side sibling, formatBucketLabel, is
+// pinned the same way in big-chart.test.ts.
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { adminClientScript } from "../../client";
+import type { Translations } from "../../i18n/types";
+import { extractTopLevelChunk } from "../client-script";
+
+function loadFmtLabel(lang: string) {
+  const script = adminClientScript("1.0.0", {} as unknown as Translations);
+  const code = [
+    `var UI_LANG = ${JSON.stringify(lang)};`,
+    extractTopLevelChunk(script, /^function fmtLabel\(/),
+    "return fmtLabel;",
+  ].join("\n");
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-implied-eval
+  const factory = new Function(code) as () => (label: string, range: string) => string;
+  return factory();
+}
+
+describe("client.ts fmtLabel", () => {
+  it("formats an hourly bucket as the hour", () => {
+    expect(loadFmtLabel("en")("2026-07-16 09", "24h")).toBe("09:00");
+  });
+
+  it("puts the month first for en", () => {
+    const out = loadFmtLabel("en")("2026-07-16", "7d");
+    expect(out).toContain("Jul");
+    expect(out).toContain("16");
+    expect(out.indexOf("16")).toBeGreaterThan(out.search(/[A-Za-z]/));
+  });
+
+  it("puts the day first for sv and id", () => {
+    for (const lang of ["sv", "id"]) {
+      const out = loadFmtLabel(lang)("2026-07-16", "7d");
+      expect(out, `${lang} must carry the day`).toContain("16");
+      expect(out.indexOf("16"), `${lang} puts the day before the month`).toBeLessThan(
+        out.search(/[A-Za-z]/),
+      );
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("uses the Chinese month and day counter for zh", () => {
+    // "日" is the day counter zh ICU appends. Gluing the translated month name
+    // onto the day number produced "7月 16", which never carried one.
+    const out = loadFmtLabel("zh")("2026-07-16", "7d");
+    expect(out).toContain("7月");
+    expect(out).toContain("16");
+    expect(out).toContain("日");
+    expect(out).not.toBe("7月 16");
+  });
+
+  it("spells the year out on a monthly bucket", () => {
+    // The glued form rendered a two-digit year, so a zh viewer read "7月 26"
+    // as the 26th of July. A two-digit year is not an option either: zh ICU
+    // renders it "26年7月", which reads as the year 26.
+    const out = loadFmtLabel("zh")("2026-07", "all");
+    expect(out).toContain("2026");
+    expect(out).toContain("7月");
+    expect(out).not.toContain("NaN");
+  });
+
+  it("keeps a monthly bucket distinct from the month's first day", () => {
+    // A monthly label is built on the 1st. Falling through to the daily shape
+    // would render that day instead, which is the bug this pins.
+    const fmt = loadFmtLabel("zh");
+    expect(fmt("2026-07", "all")).not.toBe(fmt("2026-07-01", "all"));
+  });
+
+  it("treats a weekly bucket label like a daily one", () => {
+    // The 1y range and a long all range bucket by week and still emit
+    // YYYY-MM-DD, so the range must not pick the shape, only the label can.
+    const fmt = loadFmtLabel("en");
+    expect(fmt("2026-07-13", "1y")).toBe(fmt("2026-07-13", "all"));
+  });
+
+  it("renders no NaN, undefined or empty label for any bucket shape or language", () => {
+    const cases: Array<[string, string]> = [
+      ["2026-07-16 09", "24h"],
+      ["2026-07-16", "7d"],
+      ["2026-07-16", "30d"],
+      ["2026-07-16", "90d"],
+      ["2026-07-13", "1y"],
+      ["2026-07-16", "all"],
+      ["2026-07-13", "all"],
+      ["2026-07", "all"],
+    ];
+    for (const lang of ["en", "id", "sv", "zh"]) {
+      for (const [label, range] of cases) {
+        const out = loadFmtLabel(lang)(label, range);
+        const where = `${lang} ${range} ${label}`;
+        expect(out, where).not.toContain("NaN");
+        expect(out, where).not.toContain("undefined");
+        expect(out.trim(), where).not.toBe("");
+      }
+    }
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/client.ts b/src/client.ts
index 77565c2..e3450ac 100644
--- a/src/client.ts
+++ b/src/client.ts
@@ -958,24 +958,28 @@ function fmtAvgPerDay(totalClicks, range, createdAt) {
   return String(Math.round(avg));
 }
 
-var MONTH_KEYS = ['month.jan','month.feb','month.mar','month.apr','month.may','month.jun','month.jul','month.aug','month.sep','month.oct','month.nov','month.dec'];
-function monthName(m) { return t(MONTH_KEYS[m - 1]); }
-
+// The chart's x-axis label for one bucket. Bucket labels are canonical and
+// UTC: "YYYY-MM-DD HH" for hourly, "YYYY-MM-DD" for daily and weekly, and
+// "YYYY-MM" for monthly.
+//
+// The label is composed by Intl rather than by gluing a translated month name
+// onto a day number, because which of the two comes first, and what sits
+// between them, are locale decisions: en puts the month first ("Jul 16"), sv
+// and id put the day first ("16 juli", "16 Jul"), and zh needs a day counter
+// ("7月16日"). The glue rendered a monthly bucket as "7月 26", which reads as
+// the 26th of July rather than July 2026, and a two-digit year is not the fix
+// either, because zh renders that as "26年7月", the year 26.
 function fmtLabel(label, range) {
   if (range === '24h') {
     // "YYYY-MM-DD HH" → "HH:00"
     return label.slice(11) + ':00';
   }
-  if (range === '7d' || range === '30d' || range === '90d' || range === '1y') {
-    var parts = label.split('-');
-    return monthName(parseInt(parts[1], 10)) + ' ' + parseInt(parts[2], 10);
-  }
-  // "all": label can be YYYY-MM-DD (daily/weekly) or YYYY-MM (monthly)
   var parts = label.split('-');
-  if (parts.length === 3) {
-    return monthName(parseInt(parts[1], 10)) + ' ' + parseInt(parts[2], 10);
-  }
-  return monthName(parseInt(parts[1], 10)) + ' ' + parts[0].slice(2);
+  var monthly = parts.length === 2;
+  var day = monthly ? 1 : parseInt(parts[2], 10);
+  var dt = new Date(Date.UTC(parseInt(parts[0], 10), parseInt(parts[1], 10) - 1, day));
+  if (monthly) return dt.toLocaleDateString(UI_LANG, { year: 'numeric', month: 'short', timeZone: 'UTC' });
+  return dt.toLocaleDateString(UI_LANG, { month: 'short', day: 'numeric', timeZone: 'UTC' });
 }
 
 // Humanizes a canonical bucket label ("YYYY-MM", "YYYY-MM-DD", or