diff --git a/packages/docs/src/pages/learn/FileSystemRouting.mdx b/packages/docs/src/pages/learn/FileSystemRouting.mdx
index 49f4765..fdfe577 100644
--- a/packages/docs/src/pages/learn/FileSystemRouting.mdx
+++ b/packages/docs/src/pages/learn/FileSystemRouting.mdx
@@ -126,6 +126,8 @@ A dynamic route **must** export `generateStaticParams`; the build fails otherwis
 
 Param values must be non-empty strings that stay within their URL segment: a regular param value must not contain `/`, and no value may contain `.` or `..` segments, `?`, or `#`. A catch-all param value may contain `/` to span multiple segments, but not leading, trailing, or repeated slashes. The build fails on any other value, since it would generate a page that its own route can never match (or a file outside the output directory).
 
+If `generateStaticParams` returns the same params more than once, the duplicates are collapsed and the page is generated once. However, if two _different_ pages generate the same URL — such as a static `blog/hello/page.tsx` next to a `blog/[slug]/page.tsx` whose `generateStaticParams` also returns `{ slug: "hello" }` — the build fails: the two pages would fight over one output file, and route precedence makes one of them unreachable.
+
 Because `generateStaticParams` runs on the server at build time, a page module that exports it cannot be marked `"use client"`. If the page body needs to be a Client Component, move it into a separate `"use client"` module and re-export it from the page:
 
 ```tsx
diff --git a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/entries.tsx b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/entries.tsx
index 0c2918e..01876bf 100644
--- a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/entries.tsx
+++ b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/entries.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 import { FsRouteSlot } from "#rsc-client";
-import { rscPayloadDir } from "virtual:funstack/config";
-import { deferRegistry } from "../rsc/defer";
-import { getPayloadIDFor } from "../rsc/rscModule";
+import { registerDeferredPayload } from "../rsc/defer";
 import type { GetEntriesResult } from "../entryDefinition";
 import {
   createFsRoutesEntriesWithHost,
@@ -16,11 +14,7 @@ import {
  * render through the `FsRouteSlot` client reference.
  */
 const rscRuntimeHost: FsRoutesRuntimeHost = {
-  registerChunk(element, name) {
-    const id = getPayloadIDFor(crypto.randomUUID(), rscPayloadDir);
-    deferRegistry.register(element, id, name);
-    return id;
-  },
+  registerChunk: registerDeferredPayload,
   RouteSlot: FsRouteSlot,
 };
 
diff --git a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/runtime.tsx b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/runtime.tsx
index f498a42..d9c0987 100644
--- a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/runtime.tsx
+++ b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/runtime.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-import { createElement, type ComponentType, type ReactElement } from "react";
+import {
+  createElement,
+  type ComponentType,
+  type ReactElement,
+  type ReactNode,
+} from "react";
 import { Router } from "@funstack/router";
 import type { RouteDefinition } from "@funstack/router/server";
 import type {
@@ -227,7 +232,7 @@ export function createFsRoutesEntriesWithHost(
       const definition: {
         id: string;
         path?: string;
-        component?: React.ComponentType<object> | React.ReactNode;
+        component?: ComponentType<object> | ReactNode;
         children?: RouteDefinition[];
       } = { id: meta.id };
       if (node.path !== undefined) {
@@ -239,7 +244,7 @@ export function createFsRoutesEntriesWithHost(
           // the router can render it in the browser. Pass the component
           // itself so it receives the params of the current match, keeping
           // them live across soft client-side navigation.
-          definition.component = Component as React.ComponentType<object>;
+          definition.component = Component as ComponentType<object>;
         } else {
           // A Server Component crosses the RSC boundary only as its rendered
           // output, so a client slot stands in for it: it renders the
@@ -283,7 +288,7 @@ export function createFsRoutesEntriesWithHost(
     tree: FsRouteTreeNode[];
     metas: Map<FsRouteTreeNode, NodeMeta>;
     page: StaticPage;
-  }): React.ReactNode {
+  }): ReactNode {
     const routes = buildRouteDefinitions(
       tree,
       metas,
diff --git a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.test.ts b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.test.ts
index cc4c281..27ff352 100644
--- a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.test.ts
+++ b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.test.ts
@@ -244,6 +244,55 @@ describe("collectStaticPaths", () => {
     await expect(collectStaticPaths(tree)).rejects.toThrow(/slug/);
   });
 
+  it("dedupes duplicate params returned by generateStaticParams", async () => {
+    const tree: FsRouteTreeNode[] = [
+      {
+        path: "/blog/:slug",
+        page: true,
+        module: pageModule(() => [
+          { slug: "hello" },
+          { slug: "hello" },
+          { slug: "world" },
+        ]),
+      },
+    ];
+    const pages = await collectStaticPaths(tree);
+    expect(withoutChain(pages)).toEqual([
+      { urlPath: "/blog/hello", params: { slug: "hello" } },
+      { urlPath: "/blog/world", params: { slug: "world" } },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("throws when two different routes generate the same URL", async () => {
+    const tree: FsRouteTreeNode[] = [
+      {
+        path: "/blog/hello",
+        page: true,
+        module: component,
+        filePath: "blog/hello/page.tsx",
+      },
+      {
+        path: "/blog/:slug",
+        page: true,
+        module: pageModule(() => [{ slug: "hello" }]),
+        filePath: "blog/[slug]/page.tsx",
+      },
+    ];
+    await expect(collectStaticPaths(tree)).rejects.toThrow(
+      /\("blog\/hello\/page\.tsx" and "blog\/\[slug\]\/page\.tsx"\) generate the same URL "\/blog\/hello"/,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("describes a conflicting page by its route path when it has no file", async () => {
+    const tree: FsRouteTreeNode[] = [
+      { path: "/about", page: true, module: component },
+      { path: "/about", page: true, module: component },
+    ];
+    await expect(collectStaticPaths(tree)).rejects.toThrow(
+      /\(route "\/about" and route "\/about"\) generate the same URL "\/about"/,
+    );
+  });
+
   it("allows a client component page on a static route", async () => {
     const tree: FsRouteTreeNode[] = [
       {
diff --git a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.ts b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.ts
index 6166887..b64dd89 100644
--- a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.ts
+++ b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/tree.ts
@@ -237,6 +237,15 @@ async function walk(
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Formats a page node for a URL-collision error message.
+ */
+function describePage(node: FsRouteTreeNode): string {
+  return node.filePath !== undefined
+    ? `"${node.filePath}"`
+    : `route "${node.path ?? "(pathless)"}"`;
+}
+
 /**
  * Walks a route tree and enumerates every page to statically generate.
  *
@@ -245,13 +254,42 @@ async function walk(
  * `generateStaticParams()`; a dynamic route without that export fails the
  * build, since a static site cannot serve pages that were not enumerated at
  * build time.
+ *
+ * Duplicate params returned by one `generateStaticParams()` are collapsed
+ * into a single page. Two *different* routes generating the same URL (e.g. a
+ * static page next to a dynamic sibling whose params resolve to it) fail the
+ * build: the pages would fight over one output file, and route precedence
+ * makes one of them unreachable.
  */
 export async function collectStaticPaths(
   tree: FsRouteTreeNode[],
 ): Promise<StaticPage[]> {
   const pages: StaticPage[] = [];
   await walk(tree, [], [], pages);
-  return pages;
+  const byUrl = new Map<string, StaticPage>();
+  const deduped: StaticPage[] = [];
+  for (const page of pages) {
+    const existing = byUrl.get(page.urlPath);
+    if (existing === undefined) {
+      byUrl.set(page.urlPath, page);
+      deduped.push(page);
+      continue;
+    }
+    const existingLeaf = existing.chain[existing.chain.length - 1]!;
+    const leaf = page.chain[page.chain.length - 1]!;
+    if (existingLeaf === leaf) {
+      // The same page enumerated twice (generateStaticParams() returned
+      // duplicate params); the pages would be identical, so keep the first.
+      continue;
+    }
+    throw new Error(
+      `Two pages (${describePage(existingLeaf)} and ${describePage(leaf)}) ` +
+        `generate the same URL "${page.urlPath}". A URL can be generated by ` +
+        `only one page; remove the conflicting value from ` +
+        `generateStaticParams() or delete one of the pages.`,
+    );
+  }
+  return deduped;
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/types.ts b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/types.ts
index 674d51f..5edac71 100644
--- a/packages/static/src/fs-routes/types.ts
+++ b/packages/static/src/fs-routes/types.ts
@@ -75,6 +75,10 @@ export interface FsRouteModule {
    * `#`. Only a catch-all segment's value may contain slashes (but not
    * leading, trailing, or repeated ones). The build fails on any other
    * value, which would generate a page its own route cannot match.
+   *
+   * Entries resolving to the same URL are deduplicated. A value resolving to
+   * a URL that a *different* page also generates (e.g. a static sibling
+   * route) fails the build instead.
    */
   generateStaticParams?: () => MaybePromise<Array<Record<string, string>>>;
   [key: string]: unknown;
diff --git a/packages/static/src/rsc/defer.tsx b/packages/static/src/rsc/defer.tsx
index 1626861..f255a68 100644
--- a/packages/static/src/rsc/defer.tsx
+++ b/packages/static/src/rsc/defer.tsx
@@ -33,6 +33,25 @@ export const deferRegistry = new DeferRegistry((element) =>
   renderToReadableStream<ReactNode>(element),
 );
 
+/**
+ * Registers a Server Component element as a separate RSC payload in the
+ * shared defer registry and returns the payload ID under which it is served.
+ * The sanitized `name` is included in the dev payload file name for
+ * debugging.
+ */
+export function registerDeferredPayload(
+  element: ReactElement,
+  name?: string,
+): string {
+  const sanitizedName = name ? sanitizeName(name) : undefined;
+  const rawId = sanitizedName
+    ? `${sanitizedName}-${crypto.randomUUID()}`
+    : crypto.randomUUID();
+  const id = getPayloadIDFor(rawId, rscPayloadDir);
+  deferRegistry.register(element, id, name);
+  return id;
+}
+
 /**
  * Renders given Server Component into a separate RSC payload.
  *
@@ -47,13 +66,6 @@ export function defer(
   element: ReactElement,
   options?: DeferOptions,
 ): ReactNode {
-  const name = options?.name;
-  const sanitizedName = name ? sanitizeName(name) : undefined;
-  const rawId = sanitizedName
-    ? `${sanitizedName}-${crypto.randomUUID()}`
-    : crypto.randomUUID();
-  const id = getPayloadIDFor(rawId, rscPayloadDir);
-  deferRegistry.register(element, id, name);
-
+  const id = registerDeferredPayload(element, options?.name);
   return <DeferredComponent moduleID={id} />;
 }