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feat(functions): bitwise/predicate scalars and number formatting functions - #188
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Bitwise operators and functions with Java semantics: '&', '|', '^' widen
integrals (byte/short/int/long preserved), ANSI strings meet as bigint,
'~' keeps the child type, shifts ('<<', '>>', '>>>' and the shiftleft /
shiftright / shiftrightunsigned spellings) keep int/long by an int amount
with Java masking, bit_count sign-extends like Long.bitCount, and
bit_get/getbit check per-width positions with
INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE.BIT_POSITION_RANGE past the width.
Predicate scalars: equal_null typed like the null-safe '<=>' (new
Inputs::NullSafeEqual) and evaluated through the compare kernels plus
null_safe, never NULL; isnan never NULL; isnull/isnotnull bind every
type; assert_true/raise_error are eager Scalar kernels returning void
Null, with the analyzer materializing assert_true's default message
('<cond>' is not true!) as Spark's constructor does.
Number formatting and conversion around one shared Oracle parser ported
from Spark 4.2's ToNumberParser (krishiv-kernels::number_format, also
used by the golden harness): to_number/try_to_number parse Oracle
patterns to decimals (mismatch raises, or NULL for try_), to_char /
to_varchar format decimals (numeric inputs only; date/timestamp/binary
overloads type-check but bind as unsupported), hex/unhex (invalid input
is NULL), bin, conv under Hive NumberConverter rules, and format_number
in int mode plus a Java DecimalFormat subset for string patterns
(out-of-subset patterns report KRISHIV_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE).
Lowering, display and harness: shifts lower to '<<'/'>>'/'>>>' with
infix display and '~' prefix, to_varchar displays as to_char, the
kernel golden harness covers bin/conv/hex/unhex/to_number/try_to_number,
and a new session test runs the bitwise.sql, misc-functions.sql,
null-handling.sql, charvarchar.sql, string-functions.sql and math.sql
literal statements end to end. Fixtures updated: the registry-matrix
manifest (9266 to 11766 cases) and the type-coercion count (2634 to
2635 for unhex('-123')).
Verification: 'cargo fmt --all --check' clean; 'cargo clippy -p
<changed crates> --all-targets -- -D warnings' clean; 'cargo nextest
run -p <changed crates>' 800 passed; 'cargo doc -p <changed crates>
--no-deps' with '-D warnings' clean; manual diff coverage about 96%.
Known divergences from Spark 4.2: legacy boolean/string coercions
mirror '='; to_char datetime/binary overloads bind-unsupported; the
legacy raiseErrorWithoutErrorClass config is absent; shiftleft() in
function spelling renders function-form; Spark itself was not executed
(semantics ported from vendored Spark 4.2 sources, covered by unit,
registry, harness and session tests). The diff is about 9k lines,
above the 5k guideline: it combines two tasks and carries the
generated matrix manifest.
Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
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| Layer / File(s) | Summary |
|---|---|
Function signatures and registry analysis crates/krishiv-functions/src/signature.rs, crates/krishiv-plan/src/analyzer/coerce.rs, crates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/* |
Adds input constraints, result typing, and error rules for bitwise, predicate, and number-format functions. Null-safe equality now uses common-type coercion. The registry includes all three function families. |
Bitwise execution and SQL operators crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/bitwise.rs, crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/bitwise.rs, crates/krishiv-sql/src/lower.rs, crates/krishiv-plan/src/{analyzer/exprs.rs,display.rs}, crates/krishiv-session/tests/bitwise_predicate_number.rs |
Adds bitwise kernels, including shifts, bit counting, and bit extraction. Shift operators use symbolic names, and expression rendering prints bitwise operators in operator form. Tests cover kernel behavior and SQL results. |
Predicate execution and analysis crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/predicate.rs, crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/predicate.rs, crates/krishiv-plan/src/analyzer/exprs.rs, crates/krishiv-session/tests/bitwise_predicate_number.rs |
Adds null-safe equality, null checks, NaN checks, assertions, and raised errors. One-argument assert_true calls receive a synthesized default message. Tests cover scalar and SQL behavior. |
Number-format kernels crates/krishiv-kernels/src/number_format/*, crates/krishiv-kernels/src/{error.rs,lib.rs} |
Adds base conversion and number-format parsing and formatting kernels. The kernels derive decimal types from patterns, validate and parse inputs, format decimals, and report row-aware errors. |
Number functions and evaluator support crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/number.rs, crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/number.rs, crates/krishiv-testkit/src/kernel_eval/*, crates/krishiv-session/tests/bitwise_predicate_number.rs, crates/krishiv-testkit/tests/type_coercion.rs, crates/krishiv-plan/src/display.rs |
Adds bindings and evaluator support for hex, unhex, bin, conv, format_number, to_number, try_to_number, to_char, and to_varchar. Tests cover conversions, patterns, nulls, and errors. |
Priority:
Estimated code review effort: 5 (Critical) | ~120 minutes
Possibly related PRs
- KrishivAI/krishiv-engine#180: Both PRs change how registry function names appear as operators in expression rendering.
- KrishivAI/krishiv-engine#183: Both PRs change
exprs.rspretty-printing behavior; the synthesizedassert_truemessage uses that formatter.
Merge Risk: 
79486
-
The new SQL functions return results that differ from Spark in several edge cases: isnull(NULL) returns false, some float formatting ties round the wrong way, and ANSI-mode bitwise operations silently truncate fractional operands. These cases are narrow, so the risk is moderate. Fix them, or explicitly accept the divergences, before merging.
Security architecture risk: 
79486
-
A small SQL expression can request billions of formatting digits without an upper-bound check. This can exhaust memory and potentially interrupt other work in the same process. Whether deployment isolation limits the impact to one query is not established.
Retained concerns
- High · security · observed: The new format_number contract accepts unrestricted nonnegative Int32 precision from SQL. For example, format_number(1, 2147483647) reaches generation of more than two billion pattern characters before formatting validation, followed by further token and output allocations. This creates an availability attack path for callers permitted to execute the expression on a nonempty batch. Negative-value and type validation do not constrain this positive-width allocation; impact beyond the executing process depends on deployment isolation.
Security review details
-
Security Blast Radius
- inferred — The established attack surface is a caller-controlled SQL expression executed in the query process. Excessive allocation can affect that process and work sharing it; service-wide, cross-tenant, or cross-environment impact is not established by the available deployment evidence.
Security Findings and Attack Paths
- observed — The introduced path is SQL precision argument → accepted Int32 value → default_pattern repetition → pattern tokenization and fractional padding. A single maximum-positive Int32 precision requests billions of characters without requiring a comparably large input string.
Trust Boundaries and Controls
- observed — Existing checks enforce argument types and batch shape, skip empty batches, and evaluate all-literal calls once. format_number also returns NULL for negative or NULL precision. These controls do not limit positive precision, and unsupported-pattern validation occurs after the generated pattern allocation.
Resilience and Maintainability Implications
- inferred — Returning formatter errors cannot contain exhaustion that occurs while generating the pattern beforehand. The inspected call boundary does not supply a memory budget or cancellation control to the allocation loop; outer process isolation remains an unresolved containment dependency.
Hardening Proposals
- proposed — Define an explicit formatting resource contract: validate precision before pattern construction, bound pattern and output sizes in the shared formatter, and make resource-limit failures recoverable. Apply the same limits to literal and per-row arguments so analysis-time checks cannot be bypassed by column values.
Pre-merge checks: 
-
Check name Status Explanation Resolution Description check The description covers What, Why, Spark compatibility, Tests, known divergences, and size. It does not follow the repository template. The 'Summary' section lacks the required 'Task / spec / ADRs:' li… 1. Add the task, spec chapter, and ADR links under 'Task / spec / ADRs:'. 2. Paste the exact test commands and their result lines under 'Tests run' (for example, the nextest, fmt, clippy, and doc commands with output). 3. Work through the c… -
Check name Status Explanation Title check The title clearly identifies the main changes: bitwise and predicate scalar functions plus number-formatting functions. Docstring Coverage Docstring coverage is 84.77% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 243 functions across 29 files. Linked Issues check Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request. Out of Scope Changes check Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Full details: Description check
-
Explanation
The description covers What, Why, Spark compatibility, Tests, known divergences, and size. It does not follow the repository template. The 'Summary' section lacks the required 'Task / spec / ADRs:' line, and no P2-Txxx task, spec chapter, or ADR is linked. The 'Tests run' section gives results (nextest passes, fmt/clippy/doc clean) but does not paste the commands and their result lines, which the template requires. The checklist items (DCO sign-off, SPDX headers, CHANGELOG, SAFETY comments, Spark error class registry, distributed-execution readiness, Rust API guidelines, performance review per ADR 0034) are not addressed. The description states a size of 5,096 counted lines, over the 5,000 cap, and asks for the size-approved label. The PR objectives report 4,967 counted lines, which conflicts with the description. Behaviour was not verified against a running Spark, and the description says so, which conflicts with the Spark-observable behaviour checklist item.
Resolution
- Add the task, spec chapter, and ADR links under 'Task / spec / ADRs:'. 2. Paste the exact test commands and their result lines under 'Tests run' (for example, the nextest, fmt, clippy, and doc commands with output). 3. Work through the checklist: confirm DCO sign-off and Conventional Commits, SPDX headers on new files, docs and CHANGELOG handling, SAFETY comments for any unsafe code, Spark error classes from the registry, and distributed-execution readiness. 4. Mark the Rust API Guidelines items for the new public items, including the public NullSafeEqual variant and the public number_format module and types. 5. Complete the performance review (ADR 0034) items, or mark them not applicable. 6. Reconcile the line count: the description says 5,096 and the objectives say 4,967. Confirm the counted total, and either reduce the PR under the 5,000 cap or keep the size-approved label with a justification. 7. Explain how Spark-observable expectations were produced. The checklist requires them to come from running Spark in the krishiv-bench container, but the description says Spark was not run.
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Actionable comments posted: 9
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @crates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/bitwise.rs:
- Around line 94-105: Update the ANSI string-coercion path associated with
common_bitwise to reject string operands paired with Float, Double, or Decimal
before coercing them to Long. Preserve the existing declared-cast behavior for
Boolean operands so they continue to fail with UNEXPECTED_INPUT_TYPE.
Review comments at @crates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/number.rs:
- Around line 139-149: Update the input configuration for format_number so its
value argument uses numeric coercion, allowing numeric strings such as '12.5' to
be cast before format_number_result validates the types. Keep the precision
argument as InputType::Any and preserve the existing behavior for an untyped
NULL; update the registration to use the dedicated input-builder function.
Review comments at @crates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/tests.rs:
- Around line 758-763: Update the test case using result so its input represents
a float-to-integer cast through the analyzer, making it exercise the post-cast
nullability behavior described by the comment; keep the expected nullable
integer result.
Review comments at @crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/predicate.rs:
- Around line 127-136: Update the is_null binding to use the input array’s
logical nulls instead of Array::is_null, which does not identify rows in a
NullArray as null. Preserve the existing negated behavior so isnull returns true
and isnotnull returns false for untyped NULL values.
Review comments at @crates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/predicate.rs:
- Around line 118-132: Extend the isnull_and_isnotnull test to cover an untyped
NullArray input by asserting that isnull on a two-element NullArray returns
[Some(true), Some(true)]. Keep the existing typed-array assertions unchanged.
Review comments at @crates/krishiv-kernels/src/number_format/decimal_format.rs:
- Around line 211-221: Preserve quote information in the character
representation produced by lex, distinguishing quoted characters from unquoted
literals. Update shift_of and the number-part check to treat only unquoted
percent and per-mille characters as special; quoted occurrences must remain
plain text and must not shift the formatted value.
- Around line 281-283: Update the `v.is_nan()` branch in the decimal-formatting
logic to return the bare `NaN` symbol without applying the positive pattern’s
prefix or suffix; leave other value-formatting behavior unchanged.
- Around line 343-357: Update HALF_EVEN tie handling in decimal_format::format:
when the discarded digits are exactly a 5 followed only by zeros, determine
whether to round from the exact finite f64 value rather than its shortest
decimal representation. Keep the shortest digits for output and leave non-tie
rounding behavior unchanged.
Review comments at @crates/krishiv-session/tests/bitwise_predicate_number.rs:
- Around line 187-292: Extend the assert_true coverage in predicate_goldens with
a multi-row column condition whose first failure occurs after row 0 and whose
message is a literal. Assert the exact USER_RAISED_EXCEPTION error text for that
query.
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⛔ Files ignored due to path filters: 3
crates/krishiv-sql/tests/snapshots/lower__constructs_lower_or_are_named_as_unsupported.snapis excluded by!**/*.snaptests/fixtures/analysis/registry-matrix-manifest.jsonis excluded by!tests/fixtures/**tests/fixtures/analysis/type-coercion-manifest.jsonis excluded by!tests/fixtures/**
📒 Files selected for processing: 29
crates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/bitwise.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/defs.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/mod.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/number.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/predicate.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/registry/tests.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/bitwise.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/mod.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/number.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/predicate.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/bitwise.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/mod.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/number.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/scalar/tests/predicate.rscrates/krishiv-functions/src/signature.rscrates/krishiv-kernels/src/error.rscrates/krishiv-kernels/src/lib.rscrates/krishiv-kernels/src/number_format/convert.rscrates/krishiv-kernels/src/number_format/decimal_format.rscrates/krishiv-kernels/src/number_format/mod.rscrates/krishiv-plan/src/analyzer/coerce.rscrates/krishiv-plan/src/analyzer/exprs.rscrates/krishiv-plan/src/display.rscrates/krishiv-session/tests/bitwise_predicate_number.rscrates/krishiv-sql/src/lower.rscrates/krishiv-testkit/src/kernel_eval.rscrates/krishiv-testkit/src/kernel_eval/math.rscrates/krishiv-testkit/src/kernel_eval/strings.rscrates/krishiv-testkit/tests/type_coercion.rs
Included review availability: This review used your included allowance. Your plan provides up to 10 included reviews per hour; 9 remain after this review.
Merging this PR will not alter performance1 warning
Comparing 
Footnotes
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Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
…uarter exact_tie_up computed an unused scaled fraction and integer part; read only the two digits it decides on. The registry-coverage sanity test bounded the engine's raised error classes by a tenth of the catalog. The bitwise and number-format functions raise legitimate new classes (193 of 1,929), so the tenth no longer holds; a quarter still catches a detector that matches the whole catalog. Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
… cast for format_number
Spark 4.2 checked on each case: a string meets a float, double or
decimal operand of & | ^ as DOUBLE and the operator then raises
BINARY_OP_WRONG_TYPE on DOUBLE, as two operands of one non-integral
type do ('5' & 1.5D, '5' & 1.5BD, 1.5D & 2.5D); this was
BINARY_OP_DIFF_TYPES. format_number does not cast a string value:
format_number('12.5', 1) is UNEXPECTED_INPUT_TYPE, which the registry
matrix records for format_number('1', 4), so the earlier string cast is
reverted.
Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
…Format format_number(9.999, '#.##') is '10' and (2, '#.##') is '2', as in java.text.DecimalFormat: optional '#' fraction digits drop trailing zeros down to the required '0' ones, and a bare decimal point is never shown. Also tighten the registry-coverage bound, restrict the catalog determinism skip to raise_error, and fix a doc comment and a snapshot header. Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
techgopal
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Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com> # Conflicts: # crates/krishiv-plan/src/analyzer/exprs.rs # tests/fixtures/analysis/registry-matrix-manifest.json
Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com> # Conflicts: # tests/fixtures/analysis/registry-matrix-manifest.json
Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: gopal tathe <44522021+techgopal@users.noreply.github.com>
techgopal
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What
Adds the remaining scalar functions in two families.
Bitwise and predicate
&,|,^and~with Java semantics: integral widths are preserved, and ANSI strings meet asbigint.<<,>>,>>>, with theshiftleft/shiftright/shiftrightunsignedspellings; shift amounts use Java masking.bit_count(sign-extending, likeLong.bitCount) andbit_get/getbit(INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE.BIT_POSITION_RANGEpast the width).equal_null, typed like<=>and never NULL.isnan,isnull/isnotnullfor every type,assert_true(with Spark's default message) andraise_error.Number formatting and conversion
krishiv-kernels::number_format(9 0 . , D G $ S MI PR), used in both directions.to_number/try_to_numberparse to decimals; a mismatch raises, or returns NULL fortry_.to_char/to_varcharformat numeric input.hex/unhex,bin, andconv(with Spark's number-converter rules).format_number: integer mode, plus a subset of string patterns. Patterns outside the subset reportKRISHIV_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE.Supporting changes
<</>>/>>>with infix display;to_varchardisplays asto_char.bin,conv,hex,unhex,to_numberandtry_to_number.Why
These functions are part of Spark's built-in function surface and appear in the Spark golden suites.
Spark compatibility
ToNumberParser; its origin is noted in the module docs.bitwise.sql,misc-functions.sql,null-handling.sql,charvarchar.sql,string-functions.sqlandmath.sql.Tests
Not verified / known divergences
to_charoverloads for date, timestamp and binary type-check, but report unsupported when bound.raiseErrorWithoutErrorClassconfig is not supported.shiftleft(...)written in function form displays in function form.=.Size
5,096 counted lines (1,821 test lines at half weight), over the 5,000 cap; the
size-approvedlabel is requested. The PR combines the two function families; the regenerated manifest is allowlisted.