sqlite: use cached strings for property keys

[kyungrae2002]

Use strings cached in Environment when accessing commonly used node:sqlite property keys.
Replace FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING() calls in the SQLite bindings with the corresponding strings cached by Environment.

This avoids creating the same V8 strings at each call site and makes the SQLite binding consistent with other Node.js core modules that use Environment string getters.

No intended behavioral changes.

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/sqlite

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 33.33333% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.17%. Comparing base (6f38736) to head (551eeb6).
⚠️ Report is 25 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/node_sqlite.cc	33.33%	0 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #65902      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   92.40%   90.17%   -2.24%     
==========================================
  Files         417      771     +354     
  Lines      188648   265088   +76440     
  Branches    28849    50363   +21514     
==========================================
+ Hits       174320   239041   +64721     
- Misses      13995    17008    +3013     
- Partials      333     9039    +8706     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.cc	82.08% <33.33%> (ø)

... and 487 files with indirect coverage changes

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