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fix(describe): clip Chromium frames to their overflow ancestors - #1313

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@latekvo latekvo commented Oct 9, 2026 •

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On Chromium, an element clipped by an overflow container counted as visible at its full unclipped frame. assert visible passed, assert hidden failed, and tap reported pass while the click landed on whatever was painted under it. Same for describe and await-ui-element.

The DOM walker now clips each frame to its overflow ancestors, the way Chromium paints it. A fully clipped element is zero-area (not visible, nothing to tap); a partly clipped one is framed by its visible part. Where a scroll container cuts it, it also reports that window as clipBounds and, per axis, a point where a wheel scrolls it against that scroller as clipAnchors (the window's centre if none is hit-tested). scroll-to wheels there, whatever within names, until the scroller no longer cuts it, so a part-shown row of a sidebar or an inner list scrolls that list instead of the page. If the wheel at the anchor leaves the cut in place (a closed shadow root's scroller or a wheel listener took it), the next one goes where an uncut target's would; a cut that survives that too stops scroll-to. A cut nothing can scroll away (an overflow:hidden card, a fixed bar) is measured against the screen, as before, and a target scrolled wholly out of an inner list still needs within naming it.

Electron flow; row 3 of a 100px overflow:auto list, scrolled below its box, Danger button painted under it before after
assert visible id=hiddenrow pass fail: no element matched
tap id=hiddenrow pass, but clicks Danger fail: "no visible element matched … add a scroll-to step"
assert hidden on the row fail: "was still visible" pass
scroll-to id=hiddenrow within <list>, then tap pass pass

Side effects: snapshot cropOn on a partly clipped element crops to its visible part, and "smallest frame wins" compares visible area, as on Android.

Docs: the describe description says frames are clipped, and the scroll-to reference and e2e skill say a part-shown target scrolls in its own scroller.

Clip rules
  • A box clips its descendants on each axis whose overflow is not visible, or under paint containment (contain: paint|strict|content, content-visibility: auto|hidden), at its padding box less scrollbars, scaled under transforms. Paint containment, or overflow: clip on both axes, extends that edge by overflow-clip-margin.
  • An absolute or fixed box takes the clip at its containing block, so a popover positioned against an outer element escapes an overflow:hidden card. A fixed box is clipped with a clipper that contains it (transform, transform-style: preserve-3d, filter, contain, content-visibility, a will-change naming one of those, a <foreignObject>); as in Chromium, transforms and containment on an inline box, and containment on a table row, do not contain it.
  • content-visibility: hidden paints none of its content.
  • A top-layer box (showModal() dialog, open popover, fullscreen element) escapes every clip. So does the content of an open customizable select's ::picker(select) (all but its leading <button>).
  • Only a scroller with overflow on an axis cuts along it. The anchor is a point in the innermost cutter's window, farthest from the target, where Chrome hit-tests a scroller that moves the target inside the outermost cutter, never an iframe, so an overlay over the target or the target's own scroller does not take the wheel.
  • Slotted content takes the clips at its <slot> in the shadow tree, so a menu slotted into a fixed or top-layer shadow popup escapes, and rows slotted into a shadow scroller are clipped by it. Content of a slot in a pruned subtree is dropped; a slot past the depth cap leaves its content the host's clips. A custom element's child that no open slot takes (a closed root) gets no clip where Chrome hit-tests it, an in-flow descendant or its shadow tree more than a pixel outside its host's clip.
  • SVG clips whatever its display: an outer <svg> at its content box (scaled under transforms, and the origin of its overflow-clip-margin), a <foreignObject> at its rect, a nested <svg> at its viewport mapped through the parent's screen CTM and its own transform.
  • Like Chromium, the walker ignores overflow on html, on body unless html's overflow is set or html or body has containment (a quirks-mode body is measured by its own box: its client size is the viewport's), on inline HTML boxes, display: contents and table rows, row groups and columns. A fieldset's rendered <legend> is not clipped by the fieldset.
Verification
  • E2E without a device: headless Chrome 155 on a private CDP port, this branch's tool-server vs main's. Every describe frame is compared with elementFromPoint sampling.
    • Clipped row: main frames it and the click hits Danger; this branch reports no visible frame.
    • Modal <dialog> in an overflow:hidden; transform card, popover in a will-change: transform clipper: visible and clicked, as on main. A plain fixed button in the same card stays hidden, matching Chrome.
    • Web components: a button slotted into a shadow showModal() dialog, a fixed popup and an absolute popup, each in an overflow:hidden card, are visible as on main; rows slotted into a shadow overflow:auto scroller (the ion-content shape) are clipped where main framed them past its edge. 0 mismatches on 8 shadow pages.
    • overflow: clip margins, contain: paint, content-visibility, a padded outer <svg> at 2x and under overflow: clip, nested <svg> viewports, fixed and absolute buttons in a <foreignObject>, a thick-bordered fieldset legend, a contained body or html, a quirks-mode body, display: contents with position, a slot past the depth cap, will-change: transform-origin: each frame ends where Chrome stops painting.
    • scroll-to, then tap, on an app shell (header, overflow:auto list, footer) passes 23/23 rows with and without within, and taps BUY-7 (main taps the footer) with the list unnamed. It also passes on an off-centre side list (the list scrolls, the page stays), with within naming the page pane round a part-shown widget row (main scrolls nothing and passes; before this fix the pane ran to its end), on 170px cards in a 200px list (the card lands whole and its Edit button is clicked), and with within naming a padded wrapper (29/29 rows). An already visible first or last sidebar link, a Buy button flush with a bordered card, a row cut by a clamped section and a button cut by a fixed overflow:hidden bar pass in about 270 ms with nothing scrolled and the click on the target.
    • main passes the same flows too, except on the unnamed list, where its tap hits the footer.
    • windows-chromium-e2e.mjs now checks a clipped row in CI: passes here, fails on main.
    • A button slotted into a closed shadow root's fixed or escaping absolute popup in an overflow:hidden card is visible and tapped, as on main; rows slotted into a closed plain wrapper, or children of a light-DOM custom element, in a scroller stay clipped. Transformed nested <svg>s, an XHTML body and a page with a top-level class Map match Chrome too.
    • A target cut by an outer scroller whose window centre holds an inner scroller: the outer one scrolls and the target lands whole (main scrolls the inner one and passes with the target still cut). A target cut by a scroller spanning the whole viewport height scrolls into view with and without within. Rows of a light-DOM custom element in a 400.2px-wide clipper stay clipped (main frames row 1 under the header, so its tap clicks Logout).
    • A cut target whose anchor first lands on an iframe, a closed shadow root's scroller or a preventDefault wheel listener lands whole, as on main. A row cut by a list inside a scrolling article lands whole (main scrolls nothing); a 160px target cut by two nested lists ends with 141 rows painted (main 63).
    • scroll-to on a row whose visible part sits under a fixed tab bar, on a target that scrolls itself (a list, a <textarea>), on a card in an overflow-x:auto carousel under a scrolling pane, and on a scrollable panel inside a list: the target lands whole and a following tap hits it.
  • Tests: 56 of the 111 tests in describe-chromium-script.test.ts and flow-scroll.test.ts fail on main's code. The rest pin that rows, body, transform: scale and top-layer boxes are not over-clipped.
  • Typecheck, eslint, prettier, knip and the tool-server suite pass.
  • Android not run: uiautomator bounds are already clipped by the platform.

The Chromium DOM walker clamped frames only to the viewport, so an element scrolled out of an overflow container kept a full frame: describe, await-ui-element and flow assert visible reported it visible, and a flow tap aimed at its centre clicked whatever was painted there instead.

Frames are now intersected with the clip of every ancestor on the element's containing-block chain (overflow other than visible, or contain: paint), measured at the padding box less scrollbars. Absolute and fixed boxes escape clippers outside their containing block. A fully clipped element is zero-area, a partially clipped one is framed by its visible part. Scroll containers report that content window as clipFrame, and scroll-to measures a within target against it, so a row cut at a scrollbar is scrolled until it clears the edge.
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Walkthrough

The Chromium DOM walker now computes and propagates clipping bounds through the described tree. Scrollable nodes can expose a clipFrame. Selector resolution returns nodes, and flow scrolling uses a node’s clip frame when checking target visibility.

Changes: Viewport clipping and frame reporting

Layer / File(s) Summary
Chromium clipping and frame reporting
packages/tool-server/src/tools/describe/contract.ts, packages/tool-server/src/tools/describe/platforms/chromium.ts, packages/tool-server/test/describe-chromium-script.test.ts
The describe contract accepts an optional clipFrame. The Chromium walker computes clips for descendants and applies them to element, text, and union frames. Tests cover overflow, positioning, top-layer and SVG clipping, and scroll-container bounds.

Selector resolution and scroll visibility

Layer / File(s) Summary
Selector resolution and scroll visibility
packages/tool-server/src/utils/ui-tree-match.ts, packages/tool-server/src/tools/flows/flow-actions.ts, packages/tool-server/src/tools/flows/flow-chromium-tree.ts, packages/tool-server/test/flows/flow-scroll.test.ts
Selector resolution returns the selected node, while selectorToFrame continues to return its frame. Flow scrolling uses the node’s frame as the gesture region and its clipFrame, when present, as the visibility boundary. The flow test checks scrolling a target inside that boundary.

Priority: Normal

Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~45 minutes

Change: Bug fix

Suggested reviewers: j-piasecki

Merge Risk: Low · up to 843a9

The change is mergeable with a bounded testing gap: automated browser coverage does not yet verify that reported clipped frames match what Chromium makes visible.

Pre-merge checks: Passed 4
Check name Status Explanation
Linked Issues check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Title check Passed The title clearly and concisely summarizes the main change: clipping Chromium frames to their overflow ancestors.
Description check Passed The description directly explains the Chromium clipping changes, their effects on visibility, tapping, scrolling, and related verification results. It is clearly related to the changeset.
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content-visibility: auto|hidden applies paint and layout containment that
computed contain does not reflect. Also pin that shadow-root content takes
its host's clip.
…es and table rows

Transforms and containment do not apply to a non-replaced inline box, nor
containment to table rows, so a fixed child there escapes the clip. Also count
transform-style: preserve-3d and will-change: translate/rotate/scale/contain.
…g box

The picker content escaped every clip, so an option scrolled out of the
picker was framed and a tap hit what was painted under it. The picker has
no DOM box, so its padding box is placed from its first laid-out child's
offsetLeft/Top (which ignore the picker's scroll) and sized from its
computed style.

Also pin the nested SVG viewport mapping's skew and rotation terms.
…ading offsets

Reverts the picker padding-box clip: it threw on an SVG picker child and
misplaced the picker under CSS zoom and reordered layouts. Pins that only
an open select's children escape.
@latekvo
latekvo marked this pull request as ready for review October 12, 2026 18:29

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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @packages/tool-server/test/describe-chromium-script.test.ts:
- Around line 977-1384: Add focused clipping regression coverage to the existing
Windows headless-Chrome E2E, rather than creating a separate browser harness. In
the E2E flow that exercises describe and tap behavior, add a clipped fixture and
compare the frame returned by describe with elementFromPoint results in visible
and hidden regions.

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📒 Files selected for processing (7)
  • packages/tool-server/src/tools/describe/contract.ts
  • packages/tool-server/src/tools/describe/platforms/chromium.ts
  • packages/tool-server/src/tools/flows/flow-actions.ts
  • packages/tool-server/src/tools/flows/flow-chromium-tree.ts
  • packages/tool-server/src/utils/ui-tree-match.ts
  • packages/tool-server/test/describe-chromium-script.test.ts
  • packages/tool-server/test/flows/flow-scroll.test.ts

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A row scrolled out of an overflow:hidden box must be hidden, and a tap at
its painted sibling's described frame must click it. The job now also runs
when the Chromium describe walker changes.
… tree

Light children of a shadow host took the host's clips, so a menu or dialog
slotted into a fixed, absolute or top-layer shadow wrapper read as hidden
while Chrome painted it, and rows slotted into a shadow scroller stayed
visible past its edge. The shadow tree is now walked first and each slotted
node takes the clips at its slot; a slot the walk pruned drops its content.
…ithin is named

With frames clipped to their scroller, a row just entering an app-shell list
ends flush at the list's bottom, inside the screen, so scroll-to stopped on
the first sliver and the next tap failed. Without within, the target is now
measured against the smallest other scroller's clip window holding it.
…clip margins

- the body clips its own content once the root's overflow is set
- a fieldset's rendered legend is not clipped by the fieldset's overflow
- an outer <svg> clips at its content box
- overflow-clip-margin applies to overflow: clip only when both axes clip
- will-change matches the contain keyword, not contain-intrinsic-size

Also pins the top and left clip edges, non-uniform clipper scale, table
header/footer groups, non-square nested svg viewports and absolute
top-layer boxes, which no test held.
A partly clipped Chromium node reports the clip cutting its frame as
clipBounds. scroll-to measures the target against that clip and, with no
within, anchors the gesture in it, so a sidebar or an unnamed inner list
scrolls instead of the page. A whole target flush with its scroller's edge
is accepted, and a within wrapper round the real scroller no longer passes
on a sliver.

Also match Chromium's clipping for will-change tokens, a paint-contained
or quirks-mode body, scaled outer svg insets and clip margins, positioned
content in a foreignObject, and slots past the depth cap.
scroll-to chased a target that an overflow:hidden card, a clamped section
or a fixed bar cuts for good, scrolling the page until the target sat
under a header or the loop gave up. clipBounds now comes from the clips a
user can scroll, and only for a cut over a pixel: integer client sizes
put clip edges a fraction of a pixel inside the true ones, which gave
every child flush with a bordered card a clipBounds.

Also clip by the body when html or body has any containment, measure a
quirks-mode body by its own box (its client size is the viewport's), and
frame a display: contents element's text by the flow clip.
With `within` naming an outer pane, scroll-to measured a target against
the inner list cutting it but scrolled the pane, carrying the cut along
until the pane ran out. A target cut along the scroll axis now anchors
the gesture in the cutting window whatever `within` names, and each
increment stops where the target's visible start meets the window's:
half the window carried a card taller than that past it, and the step
passed with the card's top cut.

Also match will-change hints in any case and by their -webkit- aliases,
frame nothing inside content-visibility: hidden, keep the content of a
zero-area box whose overflow Chromium ignores (a scroll-locked body, an
inline link), and say in the e2e-add-step remedy that a zero-area frame
can be a clip no scroll-to reveals.
… XHTML bodies visible

Content slotted into a closed shadow root takes no clip where the page
hit-tests it outside its host's clip. A nested <svg>'s viewport follows
its own transform. Tag checks ignore XHTML's lowercase tagName, and the
walker's Map/Set survive a page's top-level class Map. scroll-to stops
once a cut its scroller cannot move stays put. The describe description
and the scroll-to docs say how clipping and within behave.
scroll-to anchored a cut target's gesture at the middle of the cutting
window, where a nested scroller could take the wheel; it now anchors on
the target's visible part. The walker names the axes a scroller cuts
(clipAxes), so a scroller spanning the whole screen counts. The
closed-shadow escape check allows the same pixel as clipBounds, hit-tests
the element's own tree and its descendants, and reads elementsFromPoint
through the prototype. A nested <svg> follows translate, rotate and
scale too.
… the target

The walker now hit-tests, per cut axis, a point whose wheel reaches a scroller
that cuts the element (clipAnchors), preferring the point farthest from it, and
counts as cutting only scrollers with overflow on that axis. scroll-to wheels
there, so an overlay over the target, the target's own scroller, or a scroller
nested in the cutter no longer takes the gesture while the step passes.

A closed host's child no longer escapes its clips because a fixed or absolute
descendant hit-tests outside them.
… target scrolls

The walker skips anchors over frames, accepts a scroller that carries the
element inside the cutter, tries the innermost cutter first, and falls back
to the cut window's centre. A wheel at the anchor that leaves the cut and the
tree unchanged (a closed shadow scroller, a wheel listener) no longer ends the
scroll: the next increment goes where an uncut target's would.
After a wheel scrolls the inner of two cutting lists until it no longer cuts
the target, the room against the outer window can equal the old one; that read
as a spent anchor and sent the next wheel to the screen centre.
@latekvo

latekvo commented Nov 4, 2026

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Folded into #1753 as 2dac7ed, to review together with the other capture fixes.

@latekvo latekvo closed this Nov 4, 2026
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