Shared local ingress, TLS, and tailnet DNS

This repository provides reusable development ingress for multiple projects:

• Traefik reverse proxying on the shared traefik_proxy Docker network
• Smallstep Step CA certificates issued to Traefik through ACME
• a persistent Tailscale subnet router and CoreDNS split DNS for tail.gg
• sslip.io names for host-only development without tailnet DNS
• optional, self-contained service recipes

Projects keep ownership of their application containers and Traefik labels. This stack owns the cross-project edge, certificate authority, DNS server, and Tailscale connector.

🔧 Project Structure

• docker-compose.yaml: master Compose model and stable shared networks
• compose/edge/: Step CA and Traefik
• compose/tailscale/: Tailscale connector, CoreDNS, and its operator guide
• compose/observability/: shared operational tooling such as Dozzle
• traefik/traefik-static.yaml: Static Traefik configuration with ACME resolver
• taskfile.yaml: CLI automation with task
• certs/: Extracted TLS certificates, including the root CA
• recipes/: optional examples that are not included in the central stack

Note

Step CA uses network_mode: host to resolve 127.0.0.1 domains during ACME challenges, while Traefik connects via host.docker.internal for certificate requests.

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🚀 Quick Start

1. Clone the Repository

First, clone this repository to a local directory where you'll be running your development environment:

git clone https://github.com/teyfix/traefik
cd traefik

Make sure you're inside the cloned folder before running any of the next steps.

2. Configure Tailscale

Set the non-secret shared network values in .env. The intended defaults are:

TAIL_DOMAIN=tail.gg
DIRECT_DOMAIN=dkr.tail.gg
TS_SERVICE_SUBNET=10.10.10.0/24
TS_DNS_SERVER=10.10.10.10
TS_ROUTES=10.10.10.0/24,172.16.0.0/12

Complete the one-time tailnet policy, route-approval, DNS, and auth-key setup in compose/tailscale/README.md. Put TS_AUTHKEY only in the documented gitignored local environment file; never commit it.

3. Render and start the base environment

docker compose config
task up

This will:

• Start Step CA, Traefik, and observability services
• Wait until Step CA is healthy
• Allow Traefik to request certificates using ACME
• Create stable external networks for application projects

Tailscale and CoreDNS are deliberately behind the tailscale profile. After the tailnet administration and local auth-key setup are complete, render and start the full stack with:

docker compose --profile tailscale config
task up:full

task up:full starts or recreates the base dependencies as well as Tailscale and CoreDNS. The equivalent raw start command is docker compose --profile tailscale up -d.

4. Trust the root CA (Linux)

task certs:install

This will:

• Copy root_ca.crt from the Step CA container
• Install it to your system trust store via update-ca-certificates

✅ Works for WSL, Debian, Ubuntu, etc.

Tip

You can use /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/traefik-stepca-root-ca.crt as the root certificate for apps that do not use the system trust store.

5. Trust the Root CA (Windows)

To make Windows trust the locally issued TLS certificates:

task certs
explorer.exe certs

Then follow these steps to install the certificate:

1. In the opened folder, double-click the file named root_ca.crt.
2. A security warning will appear — click "Open".
3. The certificate viewer will open. Click "Install Certificate...".
4. Choose "Local Machine" (this requires administrator privileges), then click Next.
5. Select "Place all certificates in the following store", then click Browse.
6. Choose "Trusted Root Certification Authorities", then click OK.
7. Click Next, then Finish.
8. A final prompt will confirm the installation — click Yes.

🛡️ You should now be able to visit services like https://traefik.127-0-0-1.sslip.io in your browser without any certificate warnings.

6. Attach an application project

For the normal HTTPS path, attach a service to traefik_proxy and keep its project-owned Traefik labels. A host such as api.ukiyo.tail.gg resolves to Traefik, which then selects the project router.

Direct container access is opt-in and uses an exact alias such as hello.ukiyo.dkr.tail.gg on the external tailscale_services network. It bypasses Traefik security and TLS. See the tailscale-direct recipe before using that path.

🧪 Example: Secure PostgreSQL behind Traefik

You can run services like PostgreSQL behind Traefik using TCP with TLS termination:

networks:
  traefik_proxy:
    name: traefik_proxy
    external: true

services:
  postgres:
    image: teyfix/timescaledb-pgrx:latest
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.tcp.routers.teyfix_pg.rule=HostSNI(`pg.teyfix.127-0-0-1.sslip.io`)"
      - "traefik.tcp.routers.teyfix_pg.entrypoints=shared"
      - "traefik.tcp.routers.teyfix_pg.service=teyfix_pg"
      - "traefik.tcp.routers.teyfix_pg.tls=true"
      - "traefik.tcp.routers.teyfix_pg.tls.certresolver=stepca"
      - "traefik.tcp.services.teyfix_pg.loadbalancer.server.port=5432"
    networks:
      - traefik_proxy

You can now securely connect to PostgreSQL at pg.teyfix.127-0-0-1.sslip.io:4040 with TLS.

Note

Port 4040 corresponds to the shared TCP entrypoint defined in Traefik's configuration, which is designed for non-HTTP services like databases.

🌐 Example: HTTP Service (MinIO) Behind Traefik

You can also expose standard HTTP services like MinIO behind Traefik with HTTPS:

networks:
  traefik_proxy:
    name: traefik_proxy
    external: true

services:
  minio:
    image: minio/minio:latest
    environment:
      # Prevents redirecting to the console when accessing the API directly
      - MINIO_BROWSER_REDIRECT=false
    expose:
      - 9000 # API
      - 9001 # Console
    networks:
      - traefik_proxy
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"

      # MinIO API
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_api.rule=Host(`minio-api.teyfix.127-0-0-1.sslip.io`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_api.tls=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_api.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_api.tls.certresolver=stepca"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_api.service=teyfix_minio_api"
      - "traefik.http.services.teyfix_minio_api.loadbalancer.server.port=9000"

      # MinIO Console
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_console.rule=Host(`minio-console.teyfix.127-0-0-1.sslip.io`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_console.tls=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_console.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_console.tls.certresolver=stepca"
      - "traefik.http.routers.teyfix_minio_console.service=teyfix_minio_console"
      - "traefik.http.services.teyfix_minio_console.loadbalancer.server.port=9001"

✅ Once running, you can securely access:

• https://minio-api.teyfix.127-0-0-1.sslip.io for the API
• https://minio-console.teyfix.127-0-0-1.sslip.io for the web console

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🛠 Available Tasks

Task	Description
task up	Start/recreate base services without stopping Tailscale
task up:full	Start/recreate base, Tailscale, and CoreDNS services
task down	Stop both profiles while preserving persistent state
task recreate	Recreate base services without stopping Tailscale
task recreate:full	Stop and recreate both profiles
task logs	Follow logs of all containers
task certs	Export certificates from Step CA
task certs:install	Install the root CA into your Linux trust store
task purge	Stop both profiles and remove CA, ACME, and Tailscale state

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🌐 Traefik Dashboard

Once up, you can access the Traefik dashboard via either:

• HTTPS (recommended): https://traefik.127-0-0-1.sslip.io
• HTTP (insecure): http://localhost:8080

Tip

The HTTPS version uses certificates issued by your local Step CA, while the HTTP version runs in insecure mode for development convenience.

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🔐 Step CA Access

If you need direct access to Step CA for advanced certificate management:

https://localhost:9000

Note

Direct Step CA access is typically not needed for normal development workflows, as Traefik handles certificate requests automatically via ACME.

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📄 TLS Certificate Details

• Root CA is generated by Step CA and used by Traefik's ACME resolver
• Certificates are stored under /home/step/certs/ in the stepca container
• Traefik mounts these and uses them via certResolver: stepca

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🌐 Network Architecture

This stack exposes application services through two distinct paths:

• Ordinary names such as api.ukiyo.tail.gg resolve through CoreDNS at 10.10.10.10 to Traefik's Docker address. The project service only needs the traefik_proxy network and its own labels.
• Names under dkr.tail.gg, such as hello.ukiyo.dkr.tail.gg, resolve through Docker embedded DNS to the exact alias of a container explicitly joined to tailscale_services.

Tailscale routes the returned IP, not the hostname. CoreDNS selects the destination address class. The subnet router advertises 10.10.10.0/24 for CoreDNS/direct containers and 172.16.0.0/12 for Docker/Traefik.

Traefik publishes ports 80, 443, 8080, and 4040 only on 127.0.0.1. Host-local clients can still use those published ports, while ordinary LAN clients cannot reach them through a host interface. Tailnet clients instead reach Traefik's Docker address through the approved 172.16.0.0/12 subnet route. This boundary depends on restrictive Tailscale grants: private tail.gg DNS names are service discovery, not authorization.

Certificate validation additionally uses this configuration:

• Step CA runs in network_mode: host to properly resolve 127.0.0.1 domains during ACME challenges
• Traefik connects to Step CA via host.docker.internal:9000 for certificate requests
• Services run on the traefik_proxy bridge network for proper service discovery

Important

Step CA cannot access Traefik services for ACME validation when both are on Docker bridge networks due to 127.0.0.1 resolution limitations. The host networking mode for Step CA resolves this issue.

The complete tailnet policy, split-DNS, route, ownership, direct-container, and migration contract is documented in compose/tailscale/README.md.

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🛡 Security Notes

• This setup is for local/dev use only
• Certificates are not publicly trusted
• Browsers may still show a warning unless root CA is manually trusted
• Host-published Traefik ports are loopback-only; tailnet access uses the routed Docker address and must be restricted with Tailscale grants
• Private tail.gg DNS records do not authorize access or replace application authentication for sensitive services
• Direct *.dkr.tail.gg exposure bypasses Traefik TLS, middleware, and auth
• 172.16.0.0/12 routing can overlap client LAN, VPN, or Docker networks
• Tailnet split DNS for tail.gg shadows public records under the same suffix

Using an owned suffix provides stable OAuth callback names, but providers such as Google still require the configured domain, HTTPS rules, and redirect URI to match exactly. Some providers require public reachability or a publicly trusted certificate; trusting the private Step CA locally does not satisfy those checks.

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🧼 Cleanup

task down

This stops the stack and removes orphan containers while preserving persistent Step CA, ACME, and Tailscale state. To deliberately delete that state, use task purge and confirm the destructive prompt.

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📦 Requirements

• Docker
• Docker Compose with support for top-level include
• Task
• Linux or WSL (for root CA trust automation)

Screenshots

Traefik

Dashboard

HTTP Routers

TCP Routers

Warning

This image is outdated and will be updated in the future.

Services

KeyCloak Dashboard

RedPanda Console

Dozzle